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Introduction In today’s world, it is a challenge to maintain a healthy lifestyle. With fast food and busy work schedules, it is hard to make time to eat healthy and exercise regularly. According to the statistics from WHO, cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality globally, with 17.9 million people dying annually. […]

Introduction What is Decompensated Liver Disease? Decompensated liver disease, also known as decompensated cirrhosis, is the acute wearing and weakening of liver function in patients diagnosed with cirrhosis. Commonly observed presentations in patients include ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome and jaundice. These signs are often instigated by the association of high alcohol intake, drug or […]

Overview A heart attack is a serious medical emergency, if you or someone else is experiencing one please call for a medical emergency unit, ambulance or 999 (UK). A heart attack occurs when the blood supply to the heart muscles is blocked by a blood clot and, without enough oxygen and blood this can lead […]

Introduction The recent death of 31 year old Music Mogul Jamal Edwards came as a shock to the entire nation. His sudden death by heart attack at such a young age has catalysed people’s concerns regarding their own heart health. Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity, andaffects around 7.6 […]

Introduction Primary spinal cancer develops from cells within the spinal cord or in the bones, tissues, fluid, and nerves that surround it. In addition to the brain, the spinal cord is a component of the central nervous system (CNS). From the base of the brain down the back, the spinal cord is a column of […]

What is high blood pressure (Hypertension)? When we breathe in, oxygen is taken in and travels from our lungs to get into our bloodstream. The heart pumps blood to all parts of our body through blood vessels, providing our organs with oxygen to enable them to function better.  High blood pressure (HBP) or hypertension is […]

About high blood pressure High blood pressure, or hypertension, affects over a quarter of adults in the UK and is often referred to as the ‘silent killer’.1 This is because hypertension often presents few symptoms and frequently goes undiagnosed. Untreated hypertension can result in major cardiac events such as a heart attack or a stroke.2, […]

What is COVID-19? Since 2019, the phrase COVID-19 seems to be everywhere. People, news, friends and families are all talking about it. So, what is COVID-19? And what kind of illness is it?  Signs and Symptoms Let’s start with the signs and symptoms of Covid-19. People with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can have several symptoms, ranging […]

What is asthma? Asthma is a chronic condition in which a person’s respiratory airways become inflamed.1 This inflammation occurs as a result of triggers including allergies, working out, or viruses, and results in frequent bouts of breathlessness and wheezing.1 Despite the general belief that asthma specifically attacks the lungs, new evidence suggests that asthma may […]

Introduction When you hear the word diabetes, you often think of blood tests and sugar crashes. While they are a part of the disease, diabetes is a much more complex condition than we usually imagine. There are different types of diabetes, different ways of developing diabetes, and even different symptoms associated with different types of […]

Overview Have you experienced shortness of breath, tightness in your chest, coughing or wheezing?  These are common symptoms of asthma, a condition in which one has difficulty breathing, particularly during expiration.1 It is a common chronic obstructive lung disease in which the bronchi and smaller bronchioles are hypersensitive to allergens.2 This triggers chronic inflammation with […]

Overview A heart attack (scientifically known as a myocardial infarction) is a medical emergency branched under the umbrella category of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular diseases are conditions related to the heart and blood vessels. According to The World Health Organisation, Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. (1) A heart attack is a severe […]

All of us have heard that one of the symptoms of a heart attack is experiencing pain in your arms. However, not all of us know why this is the case, or which arm we should be concerned about. Keep reading to find out more about the relationship between heart attacks and pain in the […]

Dairy is an allergenic food group (others include: egg,peanut and soy) that affects people with asthma, especially children.  Having dairy allergies during infancy/childhood is also a risk factor in developing respiratory allergies such as asthma in later years. Introduction What is Asthma? Asthma is a common long-term condition that results in coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, […]

Obesity, or corpulence, is a common and serious health condition. Generally, obesity occurs when someone exceeds the daily recommended amount of calories for their age, sex, and height or exceeds the recommended amount of unhealthy fats and sugar.1 It may also result from an inadequate involvement in physical activity. Consuming surplus amounts of calories can […]

Introduction What is Asthma? Asthma is a disease that affects the respiratory system by causing chronic inflammation of a person’s airways. 1 This inflammation is linked to people’s airways being overly responsive to certain environmental triggers like physical activity and allergens. 1  Atopic asthma is triggered by allergens and is the most common type of […]

Introduction Having a restful day, and still experiencing mild or severe chest pain, what could be the cause? Do not worry. This article will answer your question. Read more to know the possible causes of chest pain, its treatment and management. Common causes of chest pain Chest pain describes any pain felt in the upper […]

What are “Pins and Needles”? “Pins and Needles” is the colloquial term for the medical condition Paresthesia. Paresthesia is the abnormal sensations of prickling, tickling, skin crawling, and numbness that may be felt in the arms, legs, hands, and feet. (1) This sensation may radiate to other parts of the body. The sensation is similar […]